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Motherboard Wiring

Interface Diagram​

Interface Description​

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Pin Description​

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Power Wiring​

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Driver Installation​

Mainboard Driver Jumpers​

  • STEP/DIR Mode. In this mode, the microstepping is set by using jumper caps, and the current is adjusted by adjusting the potentiometer. The most common drivers such as A4988 and 8825 require consulting the microstepping configuration table provided by the manufacturer, and then setting the microstepping through jumper caps.

  • UART Mode. The most common drivers that use this mode include: TMC2208, TMC2209, TMC2226, etc. This type of driver chip can perform UART asynchronous serial communication with the main controller, and the driver's microstepping, running current, silent mode, etc. can be set by modifying the configuration file.

  • SPI Mode. The most common drivers that use this mode include: TMC5160, TMC2130, TMC2240, etc. The driver's microstepping, running current, silent mode, etc. can also be set by modifying the configuration file.

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Driver Installation​

  • Before installing the driver, corresponding checks need to be performed to avoid damage to the driver or the mainboard.

  • FLY Driver: If the sensorless homing function is not used, please toggle the DIP switch to the side opposite to ON; on the contrary, if the sensorless homing function is to be used, please toggle the DIP switch to the ON position.

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    Danger
    • Attention!!! When installing the driver module, make sure the insertion direction is correct, that is, the EN pin is in the upper left corner, otherwise the driver or even the mainboard will be damaged!!! Be sure to attach the heatsink to the driver!!!
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Stepper Motor Wiring​

  • In 3D printers, the most commonly used is a two-phase, four-wire stepper motor. Its principle is shown in the diagram. There are two methods to identify the stepper motor wire sequence:

    1. Short any two of the four wires. Manually rotate the motor shaft. If the rotation resistance is very high, these two wires belong to the same coil group, i.e., A+ and A- or B+ and B-. If it rotates as easily as when not shorted, they are not from the same coil group.
    2. Use the continuity (buzzer) mode of a multimeter. Measure any two of the four wires. If the buzzer sounds, they belong to the same coil group. If not, they are from different groups; replace one wire and measure again.
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Heater Cartridge Wiring​

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Heat Bed Wiring​

  • AC Heat Bed: When wiring the solid state relay, please note not to connect the input and output incorrectly.

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  • DC Heat Bed: When connecting the onboard MOS to a DC heat bed, please pay attention to the power usage. It is recommended that the DC heat bed current does not exceed 10A (the heat bed port limit is 15A at 24V power supply and 7.5A at 12V power supply). If it exceeds 10A, it is recommended to use an external MOS module for the heat bed; otherwise, it may cause irreversible damage to the mainboard.

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Thermistor Wiring​

Thermistor Type Introduction​

  • The wiring method for thermistors is shown below. Please consult your supplier for the thermistor type.

  • If purchased from FLY (as shown below), set sensor_type to: ATC Semitec 104GT-2

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  • If it is a standard NTC 100K (as shown below), set sensor_type to: Generic 3950

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Motherboard Thermistor Wiring​

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Fan Wiring​

  • Fan Wiring

    Tip
    • The MOSFET must be installed.
    • Fan Wiring
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Endstop Wiring​

  • Endstop switches have two types: Normally Open (NO) and Normally Closed (NC). For 3D printers, it is generally recommended to use Normally Closed (NC). This way, if there is an issue with the endstop wiring, the system will report an error promptly, helping to avoid unnecessary crashes and potential damage to the printer.

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Bed Leveling Sensor Wiring​

BL-Touch Wiring​

  • The BL-touch has five wires in total. Three wires form the first group, responsible for powering the sensor and controlling the probe extension/retraction. The second group consists of a ground wire and a signal wire, outputting the limit signal. When wiring the BL-touch, carefully check the wire order. Incorrect wiring may permanently damage the sensor and the motherboard!!! The wiring method is shown below.

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Klicky Wiring​

  • Klicky is a third-party bed leveling sensor. It can be made at home at very low cost, offers stable performance, and is highly cost-effective. Its use is recommended. The wiring method is shown below.

  • Project Address: jlas1/Klicky-Probe

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Voron Tap Wiring​

  • Tap is a nozzle-based Z probe designed for V2 and Trident printer designs. The entire toolhead moves to trigger an optical switch, offering better accuracy than conventional endstop switches and compatibility with almost all printing platforms on the market.

    Caution

    It is not recommended to connect Voron Tap to 24V. Using 24V with certain versions has a probability of burning out the Tap sensor. This is not an issue with FLY products but a design flaw in Voron Tap. Please be aware!!!

    Danger

    Note: Do not reverse the 5V and GND connections, as this may damage the Tap sensor or even the motherboard!!!

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FLY-Mini12864 LCD Wiring​

  • The diagram below shows the wiring method for FLY's mini12864. For screens from other manufacturers, please consult the respective manufacturer. Incorrectly connecting or reversing the Mini12864 screen may cause the host computer to fail to connect to the MCU. If you could connect to the motherboard's MCU normally before using the mini12864 but cannot after connecting it, try disconnecting the mini12864 wiring!!!

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Connecting to Host Computer​

  • The motherboard connects to the host computer's USB port via a Type-C interface, or it can connect via a serial port. Only the former is introduced here.

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