USB Firmware Compilation and Flashing

Check DIP Switches

Power Off Operation

Before starting, completely turn off the printer and disconnect the power supply. Do not plug or unplug wiring harnesses, arrange interface wiring sequences, or touch terminals while the power is on.

USB Mode DIP Switches

• Turn on DIP switches 3 and 4, and keep all other DIP switches off.
• In this mode, the STM32 host MCU connects to the onboard host computer via the onboard USB.

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SSH Connection to the Host Computer

Caution

• Before compiling the firmware, you need to connect to the Gemini V2 host computer via SSH.
• It is recommended to connect via WiFi or Ethernet cable before compiling the firmware.

• First, please: Connect to Gemini V2 Host Computer via SSH

Compile USB Firmware

Brief Guide to Firmware Compilation

Notes

• Network: Ensure the host (Raspberry Pi, etc.) is connected to the internet.
• Login Method: Must log in via SSH over the network; serial port access is disabled.
• Input Method: Keep the keyboard in English half-width mode.

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SSH Login and User Switching

Use tools like MobaXterm, PuTTY, etc., to SSH into the host.

Switch User:

• Standard System (Official Raspberry Pi system, etc.)
  Do not use root; switch to a regular user:

  su <username>

• FLY Host System (FlyOS-FAST system)
  Only supports login as root user (password: mellow)

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Firmware Compilation Operation Guide

In the Klipper firmware configuration interface, only keyboard operations are supported; the mouse cannot be used.

Key	Function
↑ / ↓	Move cursor up/down to select menu items
Enter / Space	Confirm selection, check options, or enter submenus
ESC	Return to the previous menu
Q	Exit the configuration interface
Y	If prompted when exiting, press Y to save the configuration

Starting Firmware Compilation

Below is an introduction on how to compile the firmware:

1. Connect via SSH, enter the following command, and press Enter:

   cd ~/klipper && rm -rf ~/klipper/.config && rm -rf ~/klipper/out && make menuconfig

   Here, rm -rf ~/klipper/.config && rm -rf ~/klipper/out is used to clear previous compilation configurations and firmware; make menuconfig is used to open the Klipper firmware configuration interface.

2. Follow the order below to set each item one by one, completing each before moving on to the next.

   1启用 Enable extra low-level configuration options

   (Top)

   Klipper Firmware Configuration

   [*] Enable extra low-level configuration options

   Micro-controller Architecture (STMicroelectronics STM32) --->

   Processor model (STM32F405) --->

   Bootloader offset (32KiB bootloader) --->

   Clock Reference (8 MHz crystal) --->

   Communication interface (USB (on PA11/PA12)) --->

   USB ids --->

   [*] Optimize stepper code for 'step on both edges'

   () GPIO pins to set at micro-controller startup

   GPIO state at micro-controller startup (Not set) --->

   [Space/Enter] Toggle/enter[?] Help[/] Search

   [Q] Quit (prompts for save)[Esc] Leave menu

   2Micro-controller Architecture 选择 STMicroelectronics STM32

   (Top)

   Klipper Firmware Configuration

   [*] Enable extra low-level configuration options

   Micro-controller Architecture (STMicroelectronics STM32) --->

   Processor model (STM32F405) --->

   Bootloader offset (32KiB bootloader) --->

   Clock Reference (8 MHz crystal) --->

   Communication interface (USB (on PA11/PA12)) --->

   USB ids --->

   [*] Optimize stepper code for 'step on both edges'

   () GPIO pins to set at micro-controller startup

   GPIO state at micro-controller startup (Not set) --->

   [Space/Enter] Toggle/enter[?] Help[/] Search

   [Q] Quit (prompts for save)[Esc] Leave menu

   3Processor model 选择 STM32F405

   (Top)

   Klipper Firmware Configuration

   [*] Enable extra low-level configuration options

   Micro-controller Architecture (STMicroelectronics STM32) --->

   Processor model (STM32F405) --->

   Bootloader offset (32KiB bootloader) --->

   Clock Reference (8 MHz crystal) --->

   Communication interface (USB (on PA11/PA12)) --->

   USB ids --->

   [*] Optimize stepper code for 'step on both edges'

   () GPIO pins to set at micro-controller startup

   GPIO state at micro-controller startup (Not set) --->

   [Space/Enter] Toggle/enter[?] Help[/] Search

   [Q] Quit (prompts for save)[Esc] Leave menu

   4Bootloader offset 选择 32KiB bootloader

   (Top)

   Klipper Firmware Configuration

   [*] Enable extra low-level configuration options

   Micro-controller Architecture (STMicroelectronics STM32) --->

   Processor model (STM32F405) --->

   Bootloader offset (32KiB bootloader) --->

   Clock Reference (8 MHz crystal) --->

   Communication interface (USB (on PA11/PA12)) --->

   USB ids --->

   [*] Optimize stepper code for 'step on both edges'

   () GPIO pins to set at micro-controller startup

   GPIO state at micro-controller startup (Not set) --->

   [Space/Enter] Toggle/enter[?] Help[/] Search

   [Q] Quit (prompts for save)[Esc] Leave menu

   5Clock Reference 选择 8 MHz crystal

   (Top)

   Klipper Firmware Configuration

   [*] Enable extra low-level configuration options

   Micro-controller Architecture (STMicroelectronics STM32) --->

   Processor model (STM32F405) --->

   Bootloader offset (32KiB bootloader) --->

   Clock Reference (8 MHz crystal) --->

   Communication interface (USB (on PA11/PA12)) --->

   USB ids --->

   [*] Optimize stepper code for 'step on both edges'

   () GPIO pins to set at micro-controller startup

   GPIO state at micro-controller startup (Not set) --->

   [Space/Enter] Toggle/enter[?] Help[/] Search

   [Q] Quit (prompts for save)[Esc] Leave menu

   6Communication interface 选择 USB (on PA11/PA12)

   (Top)

   Klipper Firmware Configuration

   [*] Enable extra low-level configuration options

   Micro-controller Architecture (STMicroelectronics STM32) --->

   Processor model (STM32F405) --->

   Bootloader offset (32KiB bootloader) --->

   Clock Reference (8 MHz crystal) --->

   Communication interface (USB (on PA11/PA12)) --->

   USB ids --->

   [*] Optimize stepper code for 'step on both edges'

   () GPIO pins to set at micro-controller startup

   GPIO state at micro-controller startup (Not set) --->

   [Space/Enter] Toggle/enter[?] Help[/] Search

   [Q] Quit (prompts for save)[Esc] Leave menu

   7USB ids 保持默认，无需进入

   (Top)

   Klipper Firmware Configuration

   [*] Enable extra low-level configuration options

   Micro-controller Architecture (STMicroelectronics STM32) --->

   Processor model (STM32F405) --->

   Bootloader offset (32KiB bootloader) --->

   Clock Reference (8 MHz crystal) --->

   Communication interface (USB (on PA11/PA12)) --->

   USB ids --->

   [*] Optimize stepper code for 'step on both edges'

   () GPIO pins to set at micro-controller startup

   GPIO state at micro-controller startup (Not set) --->

   [Space/Enter] Toggle/enter[?] Help[/] Search

   [Q] Quit (prompts for save)[Esc] Leave menu

   8启用 Optimize stepper code for 'step on both edges'

   (Top)

   Klipper Firmware Configuration

   [*] Enable extra low-level configuration options

   Micro-controller Architecture (STMicroelectronics STM32) --->

   Processor model (STM32F405) --->

   Bootloader offset (32KiB bootloader) --->

   Clock Reference (8 MHz crystal) --->

   Communication interface (USB (on PA11/PA12)) --->

   USB ids --->

   [*] Optimize stepper code for 'step on both edges'

   () GPIO pins to set at micro-controller startup

   GPIO state at micro-controller startup (Not set) --->

   [Space/Enter] Toggle/enter[?] Help[/] Search

   [Q] Quit (prompts for save)[Esc] Leave menu

   9GPIO pins to set at micro-controller startup 保持为空

   (Top)

   Klipper Firmware Configuration

   [*] Enable extra low-level configuration options

   Micro-controller Architecture (STMicroelectronics STM32) --->

   Processor model (STM32F405) --->

   Bootloader offset (32KiB bootloader) --->

   Clock Reference (8 MHz crystal) --->

   Communication interface (USB (on PA11/PA12)) --->

   USB ids --->

   [*] Optimize stepper code for 'step on both edges'

   () GPIO pins to set at micro-controller startup

   GPIO state at micro-controller startup (Not set) --->

   [Space/Enter] Toggle/enter[?] Help[/] Search

   [Q] Quit (prompts for save)[Esc] Leave menu

   10GPIO state at micro-controller startup 选择 Not set

   此项是 FLYOS-Klipper 功能。通常保持 Not set；如需设置全部 GPIO 的启动状态，请先阅读 GPIO 启动状态使用说明。

   (Top)

   Klipper Firmware Configuration

   [*] Enable extra low-level configuration options

   Micro-controller Architecture (STMicroelectronics STM32) --->

   Processor model (STM32F405) --->

   Bootloader offset (32KiB bootloader) --->

   Clock Reference (8 MHz crystal) --->

   Communication interface (USB (on PA11/PA12)) --->

   USB ids --->

   [*] Optimize stepper code for 'step on both edges'

   () GPIO pins to set at micro-controller startup

   GPIO state at micro-controller startup (Not set) --->

   [Space/Enter] Toggle/enter[?] Help[/] Search

   [Q] Quit (prompts for save)[Esc] Leave menu

   11按 Q 键退出配置界面

   (Top)

   Klipper Firmware Configuration

   [*] Enable extra low-level configuration options

   Micro-controller Architecture (STMicroelectronics STM32) --->

   Processor model (STM32F405) --->

   Bootloader offset (32KiB bootloader) --->

   Clock Reference (8 MHz crystal) --->

   Communication interface (USB (on PA11/PA12)) --->

   USB ids --->

   [*] Optimize stepper code for 'step on both edges'

   () GPIO pins to set at micro-controller startup

   GPIO state at micro-controller startup (Not set) --->

   [Space/Enter] Toggle/enter[?] Help[/] Search

   [Q] Quit (prompts for save)[Esc] Leave menu

   12出现 Save configuration 时按 Y 保存配置

   Quit

   Save configuration?

   (Y)es(N)o(C)ancel

3. After completing the last two steps above, press Q to exit the configuration interface, then press Y to save the configuration.

4. Return to the command line and enter the following command, then press Enter to start compiling:

   make -j4

   root@flyos-11e5f8 ~/klipper # make -j4

   Compiling out/src/stm32/spi.o

   Compiling out/src/stm32/i2c.o

   Compiling out/src/stm32/usbotg.o

   Compiling out/src/stm32/chipid.o

   Compiling out/src/generic/usb_cdc.o

   Compiling out/src/stm32/hard_pwm.o

   Compiling out/src/stm32/sdio.o

   Preprocessing out/src/generic/armcm_link.ld

   Building out/compile_time_request.o

   Version: XXXX

   Linking out/klipper.elf

   Creating bin file out/klipper.bin

   终端末尾出现 Linking out/klipper.elf 和 Creating bin file out/klipper.bin，即表示编译成功。 实际编译时，部分 Compiling 行和 Version 会随 Klipper 与系统版本变化。

TF Card Firmware Flashing

Power Off Operation

Before starting, completely turn off the printer and disconnect the power supply. Do not plug or unplug wiring harnesses, arrange interface wiring sequences, or touch terminals while the power is on.

Flashing Instructions

• The Gemini V2 host MCU firmware is flashed using a TF card.
• After compilation is complete, download klipper.bin to the TF card and rename it to firmware.bin.
• After powering on and completing the flashing process, the firmware.bin file on the TF card will disappear and FLY.CUR will appear, indicating that the flashing was successful.

Preparation

• Before starting to flash the firmware, please connect via SSH over the network
• Off-brand memory cards may cause flashing to fail. Please use the recommended memory cards below to update the firmware
• You need to prepare a TF card with a capacity not exceeding 32G. It is recommended that the transfer speed of the TF card be Class 10 or above. It is recommended to use TF cards from brands such as SanDisk

Download Firmware

1. Use the previously prepared TF card

2. Format using SDFormatter

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3. Use MobaXterm_Personal, find the klipper folder in the left file directory, select it, then find out and open it

   • Ordinary System Firmware Download Directory
   • FlyOS-FAST System Firmware Download Directory

   Caution

   • Notes for Ordinary Systems
     • This applies to ordinary host computer systems such as Raspberry Pi, FLY Pi, etc.
     • The compiled firmware is located in the /home/<your host computer username>/klipper/out/ directory
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   Caution

   • FlyOS-FAST System Notes
     • Firmware directory for FAST System
     • The compiled firmware is located in the /data/klipper/out/ directory
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4. Download klipper.bin to the TF card, and rename it to firmware.bin

   firmware.bin

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Windows File Extension Display

Windows may hide file extensions by default, which can easily result in the file being saved as firmware.bin.txt or firmware.bin.bin. Before renaming the firmware, enable extension display in File Explorer:

1. Open any folder.
2. Click on View at the top.
3. Check the File name extensions box.
4. When renaming the file, make sure the complete file name is firmware.bin.

5. Power off the motherboard, insert the TF card into the motherboard
6. Power on the motherboard, wait for 10 seconds
7. Remove the TF card, insert it into the computer. If firmware.bin in the SD card has disappeared and FLY.CUR appears, the flashing is successful
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Search for USB ID After Flashing

After the firmware flashing is complete and the Gemini V2 is powered back on, please continue to search for the USB ID and fill it into printer.cfg.

View USB ID Acquisition Method